In this article, you will learn:
1. What the EASA document is: Collection of Best Practices, created at the request of users.
2. That it is not mandatory (no AMC/GM), but a working document for the application of 2019/945 & 2019/947.
3. That the content must neither change nor contradict the regulations.
4. How VLOS will be metrically defined in the future: Calculate ALOS & DLOS; the smaller value is VLOS.
5. Which guidelines exist for flying over roads/vehicles (OPEN) as well as for air risk according to SORA (ARC, TMPR, >50% detection for ARC-b).
6. What is stated regarding authorizations: Notes on generic operating locations vs. location-specific authorizations.
Classification
EASA emphasizes: This concerns guidelines with proven practices, not legally binding requirements. They are intended to facilitate the application of Regulations (EU) 2019/945 and 2019/947 and must neither contradict nor modify them.
VLOS as a Measurable Quantity
Introduction of the terms ALOS (Attitude Line of Sight) and DLOS (Detection Line of Sight). Both are calculated; the smaller value defines the permissible VLOS distance.
Flights over Roads in OPEN
Recommendations on how pilots should operate over motorways/roads in the Open Category, depending on the C-Class and weight.
Air Risk according to SORA
Notes on determining/reducing the ARC (Air Risk Class) and on TMPR measures; including an interpretation of how the >50% detection of air traffic for ARC-b is to be understood.
Authorization Models
Guidance for authorities and operators on granting general authorizations for locations with defined characteristics (instead of only precise, coordinate-based authorizations).
Conclusion
Useful as a practical guide (VLOS calculation, road flights, SORA/ARC, authorizations) – but not legally binding. 2019/945 and 2019/947 as well as formal AMC/GM remain decisive.
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